Diazepam, commonly known by the brand name Valium, is a benzodiazepine medication used primarily for the treatment of anxiety disorders, muscle spasms, seizures, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms. It works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity, resulting in a calming effect on the central nervous system.

Diazepam is available in oral tablets, liquid form, and as an injectable solution. It is also used as a premedication for medical procedures to relieve anxiety and induce sedation. Due to its potential for tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms, diazepam is usually prescribed for short-term use.